Complete Home & Office Legal Guide/Complete Home and Office Legal Guide (Chestnut) (1993).ISO/stat/eeoc/build2.asc

Text File | 1993-08-26 | 58.1 KB | 1,306 lines

/* Part 2 of 4 of the builidng requirments follows. */
4.1.7 Accessible Buildings: Historic Preservation.

 (1) Applicability:

 (a) General Rule.  Alterations to a qualified historic
building or facility shall comply with 4.1.6 Accessible
Buildings:  Alterations, the applicable technical specifications
of 4.2 through 4.35 and the applicable special application
sections 5 through 10 unless it is determined in accordance with
the procedures in 4.1.7(2) that compliance with the requirements
for accessible routes (exterior and interior), ramps, entrances,
or toilets would threaten or destroy the historic significance of
the building or facility in which case the alternative
requirements in 4.1.7(3) may be used for the feature.

 EXCEPTION:  (Reserved).

 (b) Definition.  A qualified historic building or facility
is a building or facility that is:

 (i) Listed in or eligible for listing in the National
Register of Historic Places; or

 (ii) Designated as historic under an appropriate State or
local law.

 (2) Procedures:

 (a) Alterations to Qualified Historic Buildings and

Facilities Subject to Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act:

 (i) Section 106 Process.  Section 106 of the National
Historic Preservation Act (16 U.S.C. 470 f) requires that a
Federal agency with jurisdiction over a Federal, federally
assisted, or federally licensed undertaking consider the effects
of the agency's undertaking on buildings and facilities listed in
or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic
Places and give the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation a
reasonable opportunity to comment on the undertaking prior to
approval of the undertaking.

 (ii) ADA Application.  Where alterations are undertaken
to a qualified historic building or facility that is subject to
section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, the
Federal agency with jurisdiction over the undertaking shall
follow the section 106 process.  If the State Historic
Preservation Officer or Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
agrees that compliance with the requirements for accessible
routes (exterior and interior), ramps, entrances, or toilets
would threaten or destroy the historic significance of the
building or facility, the alternative requirements in 4.1.7(3)
may be used for the feature.

 (b) Alterations to Qualified Historic Buildings and
Facilities Not Subject to Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act.  Where alterations are undertaken to a
qualified historic building or facility that is not subject to
section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, if the
entity undertaking the alterations believes that compliance with
the requirements for accessible routes (exterior and interior),
ramps, entrances, or toilets would threaten or destroy the
historic significance of the building or facility and that the
alternative requirements in 4.1.7(3) should be used for the
feature, the entity should consult with the State Historic
Preservation Officer.  If the State Historic Preservation Officer
agrees that compliance with the accessibility requirements for
accessible routes (exterior and interior), ramps, entrances or
toilets would threaten or destroy the historical significance of
the building or facility, the alternative requirements in
4.1.7(3) may be used.

 (c) Consultation With Interested Persons.  Interested
persons should be invited to participate in the consultation
process, including State or local accessibility officials,
individuals with disabilities, and organizations representing
individuals with disabilities.

 (d) Certified Local Government Historic Preservation
Programs.  Where the State Historic Preservation Officer has
delegated the consultation responsibility for purposes of this
section to a local government historic preservation program that
has been certified in accordance with section 101(c) of the
National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470a (c))
and implementing regulations (36 CFR 61.5), the responsibility
may be carried out by the appropriate local government body or
official.

 (3) Historic Preservation: Minimum Requirements:

 (a) At least one accessible route complying with 4.3 from
a site access point to an accessible entrance shall be provided.

EXCEPTION: A ramp with a slope no greater than 1:6 for a run not
to exceed 2 ft (610 mm) may be used as part of an accessible
route to an entrance.

 (b) At least one accessible entrance complying with 4.14
which is used by the public shall be provided.

EXCEPTION: If it is determined that no entrance used by the
public can comply with 4.14, then access at any entrance not used
by the general public but open (unlocked) with directional
signage at the primary entrance may be used.  The accessible
entrance shall also have a notification system.  Where security
is a problem, remote monitoring may be used.

 (c) If toilets are provided, then at least one toilet
facility complying with 4.22 and 4.1.6 shall be provided along an
accessible route that complies with 4.3.  Such toilet facility
may be unisex in design.

 (d) Accessible routes from an accessible entrance to all
publicly used spaces on at least the level of the accessible
entrance shall be provided.  Access shall be provided to all
levels of a building or facility in compliance with 4.1 whenever
practical.

 (e) Displays and written information, documents, etc.,
should be located where they can be seen by a seated person.
Exhibits and signage displayed horizontally (e.g., open books),
should be no higher than 44 in (1120 mm) above the floor surface.

NOTE: The technical provisions of sections 4.2 through 4.35 are
the same as those of the American National Standard Institute's
document A117.1-1980, except as noted in the text.

4.2 Space Allowance and Reach Ranges.

4.2.1* Wheelchair Passage Width.  The minimum clear width for
single wheelchair passage shall be 32 in (815 mm) at a point and
36 in (915 mm) continuously (see Fig. 1 and 24(e)).

4.2.2 Width for Wheelchair Passing.  The minimum width for two
wheelchairs to pass is 60 in (1525 mm) (see Fig. 2).

4.2.3* Wheelchair Turning Space.  The space required for a
wheelchair to make a 180-degree turn is a clear space of 60 in
(1525 mm) diameter (see Fig. 3(a)) or a T-shaped space (see Fig.
3(b)).

4.2.4* Clear Floor or Ground Space for Wheelchairs.

4.2.4.1 Size and Approach.  The minimum clear floor or ground
space required to accommodate a single, stationary wheelchair and
occupant is 30 in by 48 in (760 mm by 1220 mm) (see Fig. 4(a)).
The minimum clear floor or ground space for wheelchairs may be
positioned for forward or parallel approach to an object (see
Fig.  4(b) and (c)).  Clear floor or ground space for wheelchairs
may be part of the knee space required under some objects.

4.2.4.2 Relationship of Maneuvering Clearance to Wheelchair
Spaces.  One full unobstructed side of the clear floor or ground
space for a wheelchair shall adjoin or overlap an accessible
route or adjoin another wheelchair clear floor space.  If a clear
floor space is located in an alcove or otherwise confined on all
or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearances shall
be provided as shown in Fig. 4(d) and (e).

4.2.4.3 Surfaces for Wheelchair Spaces.  Clear floor or ground
spaces for wheelchairs shall comply with 4.5.

4.2.5* Forward Reach.  If the clear floor space only allows
forward approach to an object, the maximum high forward reach
allowed shall be 48 in (1220 mm) (see Fig. 5(a)).  The minimum
low forward reach is 15 in (380 mm).  If the high forward reach
is over an obstruction, reach and clearances shall be as shown in
Fig. 5(b).

4.2.6* Side Reach.  If the clear floor space allows parallel
approach by a person in a wheelchair, the maximum high side reach
allowed shall be 54 in (1370 mm) and the low side reach shall be
no less than 9 in (230 mm) above the floor (Fig. 6(a) and (b)).
If the side reach is over an obstruction, the reach and
clearances shall be as shown in Fig 6(c).

4.3 Accessible Route.

4.3.1* General.  All walks, halls, corridors, aisles, skywalks,
tunnels, and other spaces that are part of an accessible route
shall comply with 4.3.

4.3.2 Location.

 (1) At least one accessible route within the boundary of
the site shall be provided from public transportation stops,
accessible parking, and accessible passenger loading zones, and
public streets or sidewalks to the accessible building entrance
they serve.  The accessible route shall, to the maximum extent
feasible, coincide with the route for the general public.

 (2) At least one accessible route shall connect accessible
buildings, facilities, elements, and spaces that are on the same
site.

 (3) At least one accessible route shall connect accessible
building or facility entrances with all accessible spaces and
elements and with all accessible dwelling units within the
building or facility.

 (4) An accessible route shall connect at least one
accessible entrance of each accessible dwelling unit with those
exterior and interior spaces and facilities that serve the
accessible dwelling unit.

4.3.3 Width.  The minimum clear width of an accessible route
shall be 36 in (915 mm) except at doors (see 4.13.5 and 4.13.6).
If a person in a wheelchair must make a turn around an
obstruction, the minimum clear width of the accessible route
shall be as shown in Fig. 7(a) and (b).

4.3.4 Passing Space.  If an accessible route has less than 60 in
(1525 mm) clear width, then passing spaces at least 60 in by 60
in (1525 mm by 1525 mm) shall be located at reasonable intervals
not to exceed 200 ft (61 m).  A T-intersection of two corridors
or walks is an acceptable passing place.

4.3.5 Head Room.  Accessible routes shall comply with 4.4.2.

4.3.6 Surface Textures.  The surface of an accessible route shall
comply with 4.5.

4.3.7 Slope.  An accessible route with a running slope greater
than 1:20 is a ramp and shall comply with 4.8.  Nowhere shall the
cross slope of an accessible route exceed 1:50.

4.3.8 Changes in Levels.  Changes in levels along an accessible
route shall comply with 4.5.2.  If an accessible route has
changes in level greater than 1/2 in (13 mm), then a curb ramp,
ramp, elevator, or platform lift (as permitted in 4.1.3 and
4.1.6) shall be provided that complies with 4.7, 4.8, 4.10, or
4.11, respectively.  An accessible route does not include stairs,
steps, or escalators.  See definition of "egress, means of" in
3.5.

4.3.9 Doors.  Doors along an accessible route shall comply with
4.13.

4.3.10* Egress.  Accessible routes serving any accessible space
or element shall also serve as a means of egress for emergencies
or connect to an accessible area of rescue assistance.

4.3.11 Areas of Rescue Assistance.

4.3.11.1 Location and Construction.  An area of rescue assistance
shall be one of the following:

 (1) A portion of a stairway landing within a smokeproof
enclosure (complying with local requirements).

 (2) A portion of an exterior exit balcony located
immediately adjacent to an exit stairway when the balcony
complies with local requirements for exterior exit balconies.
Openings to the interior of the building located within 20 feet
(6 m) of the area of rescue assistance shall be protected with
fire assemblies having a three- fourths hour fire protection
rating.

 (3) A portion of a one-hour fire-resistive corridor
(complying with local requirements for fire-resistive
construction and for openings) located immediately adjacent to an
exit enclosure.

 (4) A vestibule located immediately adjacent to an exit
enclosure and constructed to the same fire-resistive standards as
required for corridors and openings.

 (5) A portion of a stairway landing within an exit
enclosure which is vented to the exterior and is separated from
the interior of the building with not less than one-hour
fire-resistive doors.

 (6) When approved by the appropriate local authority, an
area or a room which is separated from other portions of the
building by a smoke barrier.  Smoke barriers shall have a
fire-resistive rating of not less than one hour and shall
completely enclose the area or room.  Doors in the smoke barrier
shall be tight-fitting smoke- and draft-control assemblies having
a fire-protection rating of not less than 20 minutes and shall be
self-closing or automatic closing.  The area or room shall be
provided with an exit directly to an exit enclosure.  Where the
room or area exits into an exit enclosure which is required to be
of more than one-hour fire- resistive construction, the room or
area shall have the same fire- resistive construction, including
the same opening protection, as required for the adjacent exit
enclosure.

 (7) An elevator lobby when elevator shafts and adjacent
lobbies are pressurized as required for smokeproof enclosures by
local regulations and when complying with requirements herein for
size, communication, and signage.  Such pressurization system
shall be activated by smoke detectors on each floor located in a
manner approved by the appropriate local authority.
Pressurization equipment and its duct work within the building
shall be separated from other portions of the building by a
minimum two-hour fire- resistive construction.

4.3.11.2 Size.  Each area of rescue assistance shall provide at
least two accessible areas each being not less than 30 inches by
48 inches (760 mm by 1220 mm).  The area of rescue assistance
shall not encroach on any required exit width.  The total number
of such 30-inch by 48-inch (760 mm by 1220 mm) areas per story
shall be not less than one for every 200 persons of calculated
occupant load served by the area of rescue assistance.

EXCEPTION: The appropriate local authority may reduce the minimum
number of 30-inch by 48-inch (760 mm by 1220 mm) areas to one for
each area of rescue assistance on floors where the occupant load
is less than 200.

4.3.11.3* Stairway Width.  Each stairway adjacent to an area of
rescue assistance shall have a minimum clear width of 48 inches
between handrails.

4.3.11.4* Two-way Communication.  A method of two-way
communication, with both visible and audible signals, shall be
provided between each area of rescue assistance and the primary
entry.  The fire department or appropriate local authority may
approve a location other than the primary entry.

4.3.11.5 Identification.  Each area of rescue assistance shall be
identified by a sign which states "AREA OF RESCUE ASSISTANCE" and
displays the international symbol of accessibility.  The sign
shall be illuminated when exit sign illumination is required.
Signage shall also be installed at all inaccessible exits and
where otherwise necessary to clearly indicate the direction to
areas of rescue assistance.  In each area of rescue assistance,
instructions on the use of the area under emergency conditions
shall be posted adjoining the two-way communication system.

4.4 Protruding Objects.

4.4.1* General.  Objects projecting from walls (for example,
telephones) with their leading edges between 27 in and 80 in (685
mm and 2030 mm) above the finished floor shall protrude no more
than 4 in (100 mm) into walks, halls, corridors, passageways, or
aisles (see Fig. 8(a)).  Objects mounted with their leading edges
at or below 27 in (685 mm) above the finished floor may protrude
any amount (see Fig. 8(a) and (b)).  Free-standing objects
mounted on posts or pylons may overhang 12 in (305 mm) maximum
from 27 in to 80 in (685 mm to 2030 mm) above the ground or
finished floor (see Fig. 8(c) and (d)).  Protruding objects shall
not reduce the clear width of an accessible route or maneuvering
space (see Fig.  8(e)).

4.4.2 Head Room.  Walks, halls, corridors, passageways, aisles,
or other circulation spaces shall have 80 in (2030 mm) minimum
clear head room (see Fig. 8(a)).  If vertical clearance of an
area adjoining an accessible route is reduced to less than 80 in
(nominal dimension), a barrier to warn blind or visually-impaired
persons shall be provided (see Fig. 8(c-1)).

4.5 Ground and Floor Surfaces.

4.5.1* General.  Ground and floor surfaces along accessible
routes and in accessible rooms and spaces including floors,
walks, ramps, stairs, and curb ramps, shall be stable, firm,
slip-resistant, and shall comply with 4.5.

4.5.2 Changes in Level.  Changes in level up to 1/4 in (6 mm) may
be vertical and without edge treatment (see Fig. 7(c) ).  Changes
in level between 1/4 in and 1/2 in (6 mm and 13 mm) shall be
beveled with a slope no greater than 1:2 (see Fig. 7(d) ).
Changes in level greater than 1/2 in (13 mm) shall be
accomplished by means of a ramp that complies with 4.7 or 4.8.

4.5.3* Carpet.  If carpet or carpet tile is used on a ground or
floor surface, then it shall be securely attached; have a firm
cushion, pad, or backing, or no cushion or pad; and have a level
loop, textured loop, level cut pile, or level cut/uncut pile
texture.  The maximum pile thickness shall be 1/2 in (13 mm) (see
Fig. 8(f)).  Exposed edges of carpet shall be fastened to floor
surfaces and have trim along the entire length of the exposed
edge.  Carpet edge trim shall comply with 4.5.2.

4.5.4 Gratings.  If gratings are located in walking surfaces,
then they shall have spaces no greater than 1/2 in (13 mm) wide
in one direction (see Fig. 8(g)).  If gratings have elongated
openings, then they shall be placed so that the long dimension is
perpendicular to the dominant direction of travel (see Fig.
8(h)).

4.6 Parking and Passenger Loading Zones.

4.6.1 Minimum Number.  Parking spaces required to be accessible
by 4.1 shall comply with 4.6.2 through 4.6.5.  Passenger loading
zones required to be accessible by 4.1 shall comply with 4.6.5
and 4.6.6.

4.6.2 Location.  Accessible parking spaces serving a particular
building shall be located on the shortest accessible route of
travel from adjacent parking to an accessible entrance.  In
parking facilities that do not serve a particular building,
accessible parking shall be located on the shortest accessible
route of travel to an accessible pedestrian entrance of the
parking facility.  In buildings with multiple accessible
entrances with adjacent parking, accessible parking spaces shall
be dispersed and located closest to the accessible entrances.

4.6.3* Parking Spaces.  Accessible parking spaces shall be at
least 96 in (2440 mm) wide.  Parking access aisles shall be part
of an accessible route to the building or facility entrance and
shall comply with 4.3.  Two accessible parking spaces may share a
common access aisle (see Fig. 9).  Parked vehicle overhangs shall
not reduce the clear width of an accessible route.  Parking
spaces and access aisles shall be level with surface slopes not
exceeding 1:50 (2%) in all directions.

4.6.4* Signage.  Accessible parking spaces shall be designated as
reserved by a sign showing the symbol of accessibility (see
4.30.7).  Spaces complying with 4.1.2(5)(b) shall have an
additional sign "Van-Accessible" mounted below the symbol of
accessibility.  Such signs shall be located so they cannot be
obscured by a vehicle parked in the space.

4.6.5* Vertical Clearance.  Provide minimum vertical clearance of
114 in (2895 mm) at accessible passenger loading zones and along
at least one vehicle access route to such areas from site
entrance(s) and exit(s).  At parking spaces complying with
4.1.2(5)(b), provide minimum vertical clearance of 98 in (2490
mm) at the parking space and along at least one vehicle access
route to such spaces from site entrance(s) and exit(s).

4.6.6 Passenger Loading Zones.  Passenger loading zones shall
provide an access aisle at least 60 in (1525 mm) wide and 20 ft
(240 in)(6100 mm) long adjacent and parallel to the vehicle
pull-up space (see Fig. 10).  If there are curbs between the
access aisle and the vehicle pull-up space, then a curb ramp
complying with 4.7 shall be provided.  Vehicle standing spaces
and access aisles shall be level with surface slopes not
exceeding 1:50 (2%) in all directions.

4.7 Curb Ramps.

4.7.1 Location.  Curb ramps complying with 4.7 shall be provided
wherever an accessible route crosses a curb.

4.7.2 Slope.  Slopes of curb ramps shall comply with 4.8.2.  The
slope shall be measured as shown in Fig. 11.  Transitions from
ramps to walks, gutters, or streets shall be flush and free of
abrupt changes.  Maximum slopes of adjoining gutters, road
surface immediately adjacent to the curb ramp, or accessible
route shall not exceed 1:20.

4.7.3 Width.  The minimum width of a curb ramp shall be 36 in
(915 mm), exclusive of flared sides.

4.7.4 Surface.  Surfaces of curb ramps shall comply with 4.5.

4.7.5 Sides of Curb Ramps.  If a curb ramp is located where
pedestrians must walk across the ramp, or where it is not
protected by handrails or guardrails, it shall have flared sides;
the maximum slope of the flare shall be 1:10 (see Fig. 12(a)).
Curb ramps with returned curbs may be used where pedestrians
would not normally walk across the ramp (see Fig. 12(b)).

4.7.6 Built-up Curb Ramps.  Built-up curb ramps shall be located
so that they do not project into vehicular traffic lanes (see
Fig.  13).

4.7.7 Detectable Warnings.  A curb ramp shall have a detectable
warning complying with 4.29.2.  The detectable warning shall
extend the full width and depth of the curb ramp.

4.7.8 Obstructions.  Curb ramps shall be located or protected to
prevent their obstruction by parked vehicles.

4.7.9 Location at Marked Crossings.  Curb ramps at marked
crossings shall be wholly contained within the markings,
excluding any flared sides (see Fig. 15).

4.7.10 Diagonal Curb Ramps.  If diagonal (or corner type) curb
ramps have returned curbs or other well-defined edges, such edges
shall be parallel to the direction of pedestrian flow.  The
bottom of diagonal curb ramps shall have 48 in (1220 mm) minimum
clear space as shown in Fig. 15(c) and (d).  If diagonal curb
ramps are provided at marked crossings, the 48 in (1220 mm) clear
space shall be within the markings (see Fig. 15(c) and (d)).  If
diagonal curb ramps have flared sides, they shall also have at
least a 24 in (610 mm) long segment of straight curb located on
each side of the curb ramp and within the marked crossing (see
Fig. 15(c)).

4.7.11 Islands.  Any raised islands in crossings shall be cut
through level with the street or have curb ramps at both sides
and a level area at least 48 in (1220 mm) long between the curb
ramps in the part of the island intersected by the crossings (see
Fig.  15(a) and (b)).

4.8 Ramps.

4.8.1* General.  Any part of an accessible route with a slope
greater than 1:20 shall be considered a ramp and shall comply
with 4.8.

4.8.2* Slope and Rise.  The least possible slope shall be used
for any ramp.  The maximum slope of a ramp in new construction
shall be 1:12.  The maximum rise for any run shall be 30 in (760
mm) (see Fig. 16).  Curb ramps and ramps to be constructed on
existing sites or in existing buildings or facilities may have
slopes and rises as allowed in 4.1.6(3)(a) if space limitations
prohibit the use of a 1:12 slope or less.

4.8.3 Clear Width.  The minimum clear width of a ramp shall be 36
in (915 mm).

4.8.4* Landings.  Ramps shall have level landings at bottom and
top of each ramp and each ramp run.  Landings shall have the
following features:

 (1) The landing shall be at least as wide as the ramp run
leading to it.

 (2) The landing length shall be a minimum of 60 in (1525
mm) clear.

 (3) If ramps change direction at landings, the minimum
landing size shall be 60 in by 60 in (1525 mm by 1525 mm).

 (4) If a doorway is located at a landing, then the area in
front of the doorway shall comply with 4.13.6.

4.8.5* Handrails.  If a ramp run has a rise greater than 6 in
(150 mm) or a horizontal projection greater than 72 in (1830 mm),
then it shall have handrails on both sides.  Handrails are not
required on curb ramps or adjacent to seating in assembly areas.
Handrails shall comply with 4.26 and shall have the following
features:

 (1) Handrails shall be provided along both sides of ramp
segments.  The inside handrail on switchback or dogleg ramps
shall always be continuous.

 (2) If handrails are not continuous, they shall extend at
least 12 in (305 mm) beyond the top and bottom of the ramp
segment and shall be parallel with the floor or ground surface
(see Fig. 17).

 (3) The clear space between the handrail and the wall
shall be 1
- 1/2 in (38 mm).

 (4) Gripping surfaces shall be continuous.

 (5) Top of handrail gripping surfaces shall be mounted
between 34 in and 38 in (865 mm and 965 mm) above ramp surfaces.

 (6) Ends of handrails shall be either rounded or returned
smoothly to floor, wall, or post.

 (7) Handrails shall not rotate within their fittings.

4.8.6 Cross Slope and Surfaces.  The cross slope of ramp surfaces
shall be no greater than 1:50.  Ramp surfaces shall comply with
4.5.

4.8.7 Edge Protection.  Ramps and landings with drop-offs shall
have curbs, walls, railings, or projecting surfaces that prevent
people from slipping off the ramp.  Curbs shall be a minimum of 2
in (50 mm) high (see Fig. 17).

4.8.8 Outdoor Conditions.  Outdoor ramps and their approaches
shall be designed so that water will not accumulate on walking
surfaces.

4.9 Stairs.

4.9.1* Minimum Number.  Stairs required to be accessible by 4.1
shall comply with 4.9.

4.9.2 Treads and Risers.  On any given flight of stairs, all
steps shall have uniform riser heights and uniform tread widths.
Stair treads shall be no less than 11 in (280 mm) wide, measured
from riser to riser (see Fig. 18(a)).  Open risers are not
permitted.

4.9.3 Nosings.  The undersides of nosings shall not be abrupt.
The radius of curvature at the leading edge of the tread shall be
no greater than 1/2 in (13 mm).  Risers shall be sloped or the
underside of the nosing shall have an angle not less than 60
degrees from the horizontal.  Nosings shall project no more than
1-1/2 in (38 mm) (see Fig. 18).

4.9.4 Handrails.  Stairways shall have handrails at both sides of
all stairs.  Handrails shall comply with 4.26 and shall have the
following features:

 (1) Handrails shall be continuous along both sides of
stairs.  The inside handrail on switchback or dogleg stairs shall
always be continuous (see Fig. 19(a) and (b)).

 (2) If handrails are not continuous, they shall extend at
least 12 in (305 mm) beyond the top riser and at least 12 in (305
mm) plus the width of one tread beyond the bottom riser.  At the
top, the extension shall be parallel with the floor or ground
surface.  At the bottom, the handrail shall continue to slope for
a distance of the width of one tread from the bottom riser; the
remainder of the extension shall be horizontal (see Fig. 19(c)
and (d)).  Handrail extensions shall comply with 4.4.

 (3) The clear space between handrails and wall shall be
1-1/2 in (38 mm).

 (4) Gripping surfaces shall be uninterrupted by newel
posts, other construction elements, or obstructions.

 (5) Top of handrail gripping surface shall be mounted
between 34 in and 38 in (865 mm and 965 mm) above stair nosings.

 (6) Ends of handrails shall be either rounded or returned
smoothly to floor, wall or post.

 (7) Handrails shall not rotate within their fittings.

4.9.5 Detectable Warnings at Stairs.  (Reserved).

4.9.6 Outdoor Conditions.  Outdoor stairs and their approaches
shall be designed so that water will not accumulate on walking
surfaces.

4.10 Elevators.

4.10.1 General.  Accessible elevators shall be on an accessible
route and shall comply with 4.10 and with the ASME A17.1-1990,
Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators.  Freight elevators
shall not be considered as meeting the requirements of this
section unless the only elevators provided are used as
combination passenger and freight elevators for the public and
employees.

4.10.2 Automatic Operation.  Elevator operation shall be
automatic.  Each car shall be equipped with a self-leveling
feature that will automatically bring the car to floor landings
within a tolerance of 1/2 in (13 mm) under rated loading to zero
loading conditions.  This self-leveling feature shall be
automatic and independent of the operating device and shall
correct the overtravel or undertravel.

4.10.3 Hall Call Buttons.  Call buttons in elevator lobbies and
halls shall be centered at 42 in (1065 mm) above the floor.  Such
call buttons shall have visual signals to indicate when each call
is registered and when each call is answered.  Call buttons shall
be a minimum of 3/4 in (19 mm) in the smallest dimension.  The
button designating the up direction shall be on top.  (See Fig.
20.) Buttons shall be raised or flush.  Objects mounted beneath
hall call buttons shall not project into the elevator lobby more
than 4 in (100 mm).

4.10.4 Hall Lanterns.  A visible and audible signal shall be
provided at each hoistway entrance to indicate which car is
answering a call.  Audible signals shall sound once for the up
direction and twice for the down direction or shall have verbal
annunciators that say "up" or "down." Visible signals shall have
the following features:

 (1) Hall lantern fixtures shall be mounted so that their
centerline is at least 72 in (1830 mm) above the lobby floor.
(See Fig. 20.)

 (2) Visual elements shall be at least 2-1/2 in (64 mm) in
the smallest dimension.

 (3) Signals shall be visible from the vicinity of the hall
call button (see Fig. 20).  In-car lanterns located in cars,
visible from the vicinity of hall call buttons, and conforming to
the above requirements, shall be acceptable.

4.10.5 Raised and Braille Characters on Hoistway Entrances.  All
elevator hoistway entrances shall have raised and Braille floor
designations provided on both jambs.  The centerline of the
characters shall be 60 in (1525 mm) above finish floor.  Such
characters shall be 2 in (50 mm) high and shall comply with
4.30.4.  Permanently applied plates are acceptable if they are
permanently fixed to the jambs.  (See Fig. 20).

4.10.6* Door Protective and Reopening Device.  Elevator doors
shall open and close automatically.  They shall be provided with
a reopening device that will stop and reopen a car door and
hoistway door automatically if the door becomes obstructed by an
object or person.  The device shall be capable of completing
these operations without requiring contact for an obstruction
passing through the opening at heights of 5 in and 29 in (125 mm
and 735 mm) above finish floor (see Fig. 20).  Door reopening
devices shall remain effective for at least 20 seconds.  After
such an interval, doors may close in accordance with the
requirements of ASME A17.1-1990.

4.10.7* Door and Signal Timing for Hall Calls.  The minimum
acceptable time from notification that a car is answering a call
until the doors of that car start to close shall be calculated
from the following equation:

T = D/(1.5 ft/s) or T = D/(445 mm/s)

where T total time in seconds and D distance (in feet or
millimeters) from a point in the lobby or corridor 60 in (1525
mm) directly in front of the farthest call button controlling
that car to the centerline of its hoistway door (see Fig. 21).
For cars with in-car lanterns, T begins when the lantern is
visible from the vicinity of hall call buttons and an audible
signal is sounded.  The minimum acceptable notification time
shall be 5 seconds.

4.10.8 Door Delay for Car Calls.  The minimum time for elevator
doors to remain fully open in response to a car call shall be 3
seconds.

4.10.9 Floor Plan of Elevator Cars.  The floor area of elevator
cars shall provide space for wheelchair users to enter the car,
maneuver within reach of controls, and exit from the car.
Acceptable door opening and inside dimensions shall be as shown
in Fig. 22.  The clearance between the car platform sill and the
edge of any hoistway landing shall be no greater than 1-1/4 in
(32 mm).

4.10.10 Floor Surfaces.  Floor surfaces shall comply with 4.5.

4.10.11 Illumination Levels.  The level of illumination at the
car controls, platform, and car threshold and landing sill shall
be at least 5 footcandles (53.8 lux).

4.10.12* Car Controls.  Elevator control panels shall have the
following features:

 (1) Buttons.  All control buttons shall be at least 3/4 in
(19 mm) in their smallest dimension.  They shall be raised or
flush.

 (2) Tactile, Braille, and Visual Control Indicators.  All
control buttons shall be designated by Braille and by raised
standard alphabet characters for letters, arabic characters for
numerals, or standard symbols as shown in Fig. 23(a), and as
required in ASME A17.1-1990.  Raised and Braille characters and
symbols shall comply with 4.30.  The call button for the main
entry floor shall be designated by a raised star at the left of
the floor designation (see Fig. 23(a)).  All raised designations
for control buttons shall be placed immediately to the left of
the button to which they apply.  Applied plates, permanently
attached, are an acceptable means to provide raised control
designations.  Floor buttons shall be provided with visual
indicators to show when each call is registered.  The visual
indicators shall be extinguished when each call is answered.

 (3) Height.  All floor buttons shall be no higher than 54
in (1370 mm) above the finish floor for side approach and 48 in
(1220 mm) for front approach.  Emergency controls, including the
emergency alarm and emergency stop, shall be grouped at the
bottom of the panel and shall have their centerlines no less than
35 in (890 mm) above the finish floor (see Fig. 23(a) and (b)).
 (4) Location.  Controls shall be located on a front wall
if cars have center opening doors, and at the side wall or at the
front wall next to the door if cars have side opening doors (see
Fig.  23(c) and (d)).

4.10.13* Car Position Indicators.  In elevator cars, a visual car
position indicator shall be provided above the car control panel
or over the door to show the position of the elevator in the
hoistway.  As the car passes or stops at a floor served by the
elevators, the corresponding numerals shall illuminate, and an
audible signal shall sound.  Numerals shall be a minimum of 1/2
in (13 mm) high.  The audible signal shall be no less than 20
decibels with a frequency no higher than 1500 Hz.  An automatic
verbal announcement of the floor number at which a car stops or
which a car passes may be substituted for the audible signal.

4.10.14* Emergency Communications.  If provided, emergency
two-way communication systems between the elevator and a point
outside the hoistway shall comply with ASME A17.1-1990.  The
highest operable part of a two-way communication system shall be
a maximum of 48 in (1220 mm) from the floor of the car.  It shall
be identified by a raised symbol and lettering complying with
4.30 and located adjacent to the device.  If the system uses a
handset then the length of the cord from the panel to the handset
shall be at least 29 in (735 mm).  If the system is located in a
closed compartment the compartment door hardware shall conform to
4.27, Controls and Operating Mechanisms.  The emergency
intercommunication system shall not require voice communication.

4.11 Platform Lifts (Wheelchair Lifts).

4.11.1 Location.  Platform lifts (wheelchair lifts) permitted by
4.1 shall comply with the requirements of 4.11.

4.11.2* Other Requirements.  If platform lifts (wheelchair lifts)
are used, they shall comply with 4.2.4, 4.5, 4.27, and ASME A17.1
Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, Section XX, 1990.

4.11.3 Entrance.  If platform lifts are used then they shall
facilitate unassisted entry, operation, and exit from the lift in
compliance with 4.11.2.

4.12 Windows.

4.12.1* General.  (Reserved).

4.12.2* Window Hardware.  (Reserved).

4.13 Doors.

4.13.1 General.  Doors required to be accessible by 4.1 shall
comply with the requirements of 4.13.

4.13.2 Revolving Doors and Turnstiles.  Revolving doors or
turnstiles shall not be the only means of passage at an
accessible entrance or along an accessible route.  An accessible
gate or door shall be provided adjacent to the turnstile or
revolving door and shall be so designed as to facilitate the same
use pattern.

4.13.3 Gates.  Gates, including ticket gates, shall meet all
applicable specifications of 4.13.

4.13.4 Double-Leaf Doorways.  If doorways have two independently
operated door leaves, then at least one leaf shall meet the
specifications in 4.13.5 and 4.13.6.  That leaf shall be an
active leaf.

4.13.5 Clear Width.  Doorways shall have a minimum clear opening
of 32 in (815 mm) with the door open 90 degrees, measured between
the face of the door and the opposite stop (see Fig. 24(a), (b),
(c), and (d)).  Openings more than 24 in (610 mm) in depth shall
comply with 4.2.1 and 4.3.3 (see Fig. 24(e)).

EXCEPTION: Doors not requiring full user passage, such as shallow
closets, may have the clear opening reduced to 20 in (510 mm)
minimum.

4.13.6 Maneuvering Clearances at Doors.  Minimum maneuvering
clearances at doors that are not automatic or power-assisted
shall be as shown in Fig. 25.  The floor or ground area within
the required clearances shall be level and clear.

EXCEPTION: Entry doors to acute care hospital bedrooms for
in-patients shall be exempted from the requirement for space at
the latch side of the door (see dimension "x" in Fig. 25) if the
door is at least 44 in (1120 mm) wide.

4.13.7 Two Doors in Series.  The minimum space between two hinged
or pivoted doors in series shall be 48 in (1220 mm) plus the
width of any door swinging into the space.  Doors in series shall
swing either in the same direction or away from the space between
the doors (see Fig. 26).

4.13.8* Thresholds at Doorways.  Thresholds at doorways shall not
exceed 3/4 in (19 mm) in height for exterior sliding doors or 1/2
in (13 mm) for other types of doors.  Raised thresholds and floor
level changes at accessible doorways shall be beveled with a
slope no greater than 1:2 (see 4.5.2).

4.13.9* Door Hardware.  Handles, pulls, latches, locks, and other
operating devices on accessible doors shall have a shape that is
easy to grasp with one hand and does not require tight grasping,
tight pinching, or twisting of the wrist to operate.
Lever-operated mechanisms, push-type mechanisms, and U-shaped
handles are acceptable designs.  When sliding doors are fully
open, operating hardware shall be exposed and usable from both
sides.  Hardware required for accessible door passage shall be
mounted no higher than 48 in (1220 mm) above finished floor.

4.13.10* Door Closers.  If a door has a closer, then the sweep
period of the closer shall be adjusted so that from an open
position of 70 degrees, the door will take at least 3 seconds to
move to a point 3 in (75 mm) from the latch, measured to the
leading edge of the door.

4.13.11* Door Opening Force.  The maximum force for pushing or
pulling open a door shall be as follows:

 (1) Fire doors shall have the minimum opening force
allowable by the appropriate administrative authority.

 (2) Other doors.

 (a) exterior hinged doors:  (Reserved).

 (b) interior hinged doors: 5 lbf (22.2N)

 (c) sliding or folding doors: 5 lbf (22.2N)

These forces do not apply to the force required to retract latch
bolts or disengage other devices that may hold the door in a
closed position.

4.13.12* Automatic Doors and Power-Assisted Doors.  If an
automatic door is used, then it shall comply with ANSI/BHMA
A156.10-1985.  Slowly opening, low-powered, automatic doors shall
comply with ANSI A156.19-1984.  Such doors shall not open to back
check faster than 3 seconds and shall require no more than 15 lbf
(66.6N) to stop door movement.  If a power-assisted door is used,
its door-opening force shall comply with 4.13.11 and its closing
shall conform to the requirements in ANSI A156.19-1984.

4.14 Entrances.

4.14.1 Minimum Number.  Entrances required to be accessible by
4.1 shall be part of an accessible route complying with 4.3.
Such entrances shall be connected by an accessible route to
public transportation stops, to accessible parking and passenger
loading zones, and to public streets or sidewalks if available
(see 4.3.2(1)).  They shall also be connected by an accessible
route to all accessible spaces or elements within the building or
facility.

4.14.2 Service Entrances.  A service entrance shall not be the
sole accessible entrance unless it is the only entrance to a
building or facility (for example, in a factory or garage).

4.15 Drinking Fountains and Water Coolers.

4.15.1 Minimum Number.  Drinking fountains or water coolers
required to be accessible by 4.1 shall comply with 4.15.

4.15.2* Spout Height.  Spouts shall be no higher than 36 in (915
mm), measured from the floor or ground surfaces to the spout
outlet (see Fig. 27(a)).

4.15.3 Spout Location.  The spouts of drinking fountains and
water coolers shall be at the front of the unit and shall direct
the water flow in a trajectory that is parallel or nearly
parallel to the front of the unit.  The spout shall provide a
flow of water at least 4 in (100 mm) high so as to allow the
insertion of a cup or glass under the flow of water.  On an
accessible drinking fountain with a round or oval bowl, the spout
must be positioned so the flow of water is within 3 in (75 mm) of
the front edge of the fountain.

4.15.4 Controls.  Controls shall comply with 4.27.4.  Unit
controls shall be front mounted or side mounted near the front
edge.

4.15.5 Clearances.

 (1) Wall- and post-mounted cantilevered units shall have a
clear knee space between the bottom of the apron and the floor or
ground at least 27 in (685 mm) high, 30 in (760 mm) wide, and 17
in to 19 in (430 mm to 485 mm) deep (see Fig. 27(a) and (b)).
Such units shall also have a minimum clear floor space 30 in by
48 in (760 mm by 1220 mm) to allow a person in a wheelchair to
approach the unit facing forward.

 (2) Free-standing or built-in units not having a clear
space under them shall have a clear floor space at least 30 in by
48 in (760 mm by 1220 mm) that allows a person in a wheelchair to
make a parallel approach to the unit (see Fig. 27(c) and (d)).
This clear floor space shall comply with 4.2.4.

4.16 Water Closets.

4.16.1 General.  Accessible water closets shall comply with 4.16.

4.16.2 Clear Floor Space.  Clear floor space for water closets
not in stalls shall comply with Fig. 28.  Clear floor space may
be arranged to allow either a left-handed or right-handed
approach.

4.16.3* Height.  The height of water closets shall be 17 in to 19
in (430 mm to 485 mm), measured to the top of the toilet seat
(see Fig. 29(b)).  Seats shall not be sprung to return to a
lifted position.

4.16.4* Grab Bars.  Grab bars for water closets not located in
stalls shall comply with 4.26 and Fig. 29.  The grab bar behind
the water closet shall be 36 in (915 mm) minimum.

4.16.5* Flush Controls.  Flush controls shall be hand operated or
automatic and shall comply with 4.27.4.  Controls for flush
valves shall be mounted on the wide side of toilet areas no more
than 44 in (1120 mm) above the floor.

4.16.6 Dispensers.  Toilet paper dispensers shall be installed
within reach, as shown in Fig. 29(b).  Dispensers that control
delivery, or that do not permit continuous paper flow, shall not
be used.

4.17 Toilet Stalls.

4.17.1 Location.  Accessible toilet stalls shall be on an
accessible route and shall meet the requirements of 4.17.

4.17.2 Water Closets.  Water closets in accessible stalls shall
comply with 4.16.

4.17.3* Size and Arrangement.  The size and arrangement of the
standard toilet stall shall comply with Fig. 30(a), Standard
Stall.  Standard toilet stalls with a minimum depth of 56 in
(1420 mm) (see Fig. 30(a)) shall have wall-mounted water closets.
If the depth of a standard toilet stall is increased at least 3
in (75 mm), then a floor-mounted water closet may be used.
Arrangements shown for standard toilet stalls may be reversed to
allow either a left- or right-hand approach.  Additional stalls
shall be provided in conformance with 4.22.4.

EXCEPTION: In instances of alteration work where provision of a
standard stall (Fig. 30(a)) is technically infeasible or where
plumbing code requirements prevent combining existing stalls to
provide space, either alternate stall (Fig. 30(b)) may be
provided in lieu of the standard stall.

4.17.4 Toe Clearances.  In standard stalls, the front partition
and at least one side partition shall provide a toe clearance of
at least 9 in (230 mm) above the floor.  If the depth of the
stall is greater than 60 in (1525 mm), then the toe clearance is
not required.

4.17.5* Doors.  Toilet stall doors, including door hardware,
shall comply with 4.13.  If toilet stall approach is from the
latch side of the stall door, clearance between the door side of
the stall and any obstruction may be reduced to a minimum of 42
in (1065 mm) (Fig. 30).

4.17.6 Grab Bars.  Grab bars complying with the length and
positioning shown in Fig. 30(a), (b), (c), and (d) shall be
provided.  Grab bars may be mounted with any desired method as
long as they have a gripping surface at the locations shown and
do not obstruct the required clear floor area.  Grab bars shall
comply with 4.26.

4.18 Urinals.

4.18.1 General.  Accessible urinals shall comply with 4.18.

4.18.2 Height.  Urinals shall be stall-type or wall-hung with an
elongated rim at a maximum of 17 in (430 mm) above the finish
floor.

4.18.3 Clear Floor Space.  A clear floor space 30 in by 48 in
(760 mm by 1220 mm) shall be provided in front of urinals to
allow forward approach.  This clear space shall adjoin or overlap
an accessible route and shall comply with 4.2.4.  Urinal shields
that do not extend beyond the front edge of the urinal rim may be
provided with 29 in (735 mm) clearance between them.

4.18.4 Flush Controls.  Flush controls shall be hand operated or
automatic, and shall comply with 4.27.4, and shall be mounted no
more than 44 in (1120 mm) above the finish floor.

4.19 Lavatories and Mirrors.

4.19.1 General.  The requirements of 4.19 shall apply to lavatory
fixtures, vanities, and built-in lavatories.

4.19.2 Height and Clearances.  Lavatories shall be mounted with
the rim or counter surface no higher than 34 in (865 mm) above
the finish floor.  Provide a clearance of at least 29 in (735 mm)
above the finish floor to the bottom of the apron.  Knee and toe
clearance shall comply with Fig. 31.

4.19.3 Clear Floor Space.  A clear floor space 30 in by 48 in
(760 mm by 1220 mm) complying with 4.2.4 shall be provided in
front of a lavatory to allow forward approach.  Such clear floor
space shall adjoin or overlap an accessible route and shall
extend a maximum of 19 in (485 mm) underneath the lavatory (see
Fig. 32).

4.19.4 Exposed Pipes and Surfaces.  Hot water and drain pipes
under lavatories shall be insulated or otherwise configured to
protect against contact.  There shall be no sharp or abrasive
surfaces under lavatories.

4.19.5 Faucets.  Faucets shall comply with 4.27.4.
Lever-operated, push-type, and electronically controlled
mechanisms are examples of acceptable designs.  If self-closing
valves are used the faucet shall remain open for at least 10
seconds.

4.19.6* Mirrors.  Mirrors shall be mounted with the bottom edge
of the reflecting surface no higher than 40 in (1015 mm) above
the finish floor (see Fig. 31).

4.20 Bathtubs.

4.20.1 General.  Accessible bathtubs shall comply with 4.20.

4.20.2 Floor Space.  Clear floor space in front of bathtubs shall
be as shown in Fig. 33.

4.20.3 Seat.  An in-tub seat or a seat at the head end of the tub
shall be provided as shown in Fig. 33 and 34.  The structural
strength of seats and their attachments shall comply with 4.26.3.
Seats shall be mounted securely and shall not slip during use.

4.20.4 Grab Bars.  Grab bars complying with 4.26 shall be
provided as shown in Fig. 33 and 34.

4.20.5 Controls.  Faucets and other controls complying with
4.27.4 shall be located as shown in Fig. 34.

4.20.6 Shower Unit.  A shower spray unit with a hose at least 60
in (1525 mm) long that can be used both as a fixed shower head
and as a hand-held shower shall be provided.

4.20.7 Bathtub Enclosures.  If provided, enclosures for bathtubs
shall not obstruct controls or transfer from wheelchairs onto
bathtub seats or into tubs.  Enclosures on bathtubs shall not
have tracks mounted on their rims.

4.21 Shower Stalls.

4.21.1* General.  Accessible shower stalls shall comply with
4.21.

4.21.2 Size and Clearances.  Except as specified in 9.1.2, shower
stall size and clear floor space shall comply with Fig. 35(a) or
(b).  The shower stall in Fig. 35(a) shall be 36 in by 36 in (915
mm by 915 mm).  Shower stalls required by 9.1.2 shall comply with
Fig. 57(a) or (b).  The shower stall in Fig. 35(b) will fit into
the space required for a bathtub.

4.21.3 Seat.  A seat shall be provided in shower stalls 36 in by
36 in (915 mm by 915 mm) and shall be as shown in Fig. 36.  The
seat shall be mounted 17 in to 19 in (430 mm to 485 mm) from the
bathroom floor and shall extend the full depth of the stall.  In
a 36 in by 36 in (915 mm by 915 mm) shower stall, the seat shall
be on the wall opposite the controls.  Where a fixed seat is
provided in a 30 in by 60 in minimum (760 mm by 1525 mm) shower
stall, it shall be a folding type and shall be mounted on the
wall adjacent to the controls as shown in Fig. 57.  The
structural strength of seats and their attachments shall comply
with 4.26.3.

4.21.4 Grab Bars.  Grab bars complying with 4.26 shall be
provided as shown in Fig. 37.

4.21.5 Controls.  Faucets and other controls complying with
4.27.4 shall be located as shown in Fig. 37.  In shower stalls 36
in by 36 in (915 mm by 915 mm), all controls, faucets, and the
shower unit shall be mounted on the side wall opposite the seat.

4.21.6 Shower Unit.  A shower spray unit with a hose at least 60
in (1525 mm) long that can be used both as a fixed shower head
and as a hand-held shower shall be provided.

EXCEPTION: In unmonitored facilities where vandalism is a
consideration, a fixed shower head mounted at 48 in (1220 mm)
above the shower floor may be used in lieu of a hand-held shower
head.

4.21.7 Curbs.  If provided, curbs in shower stalls 36 in by 36 in
(915 mm by 915 mm) shall be no higher than 1/2 in (13 mm).
Shower stalls that are 30 in by 60 in (760 mm by 1525 mm) minimum
shall not have curbs.

4.21.8 Shower Enclosures.  If provided, enclosures for shower
stalls shall not obstruct controls or obstruct transfer from
wheelchairs onto shower seats.

4.22 Toilet Rooms.

4.22.1 Minimum Number.  Toilet facilities required to be
accessible by 4.1 shall comply with 4.22.  Accessible toilet
rooms shall be on an accessible route.

4.22.2 Doors.  All doors to accessible toilet rooms shall comply
with 4.13.  Doors shall not swing into the clear floor space
required for any fixture.

4.22.3* Clear Floor Space.  The accessible fixtures and controls
required in 4.22.4, 4.22.5, 4.22.6, and 4.22.7 shall be on an
accessible route.  An unobstructed turning space complying with
4.2.3 shall be provided within an accessible toilet room.  The
clear floor space at fixtures and controls, the accessible route,
and the turning space may overlap.

4.22.4 Water Closets.  If toilet stalls are provided, then at
least one shall be a standard toilet stall complying with 4.17;
where 6 or more stalls are provided, in addition to the stall
complying with 4.17.3, at least one stall 36 in (915 mm) wide
with an outward swinging, self-closing door and parallel grab
bars complying with Fig. 30(d) and 4.26 shall be provided.  Water
closets in such stalls shall comply with 4.16.  If water closets
are not in stalls, then at least one shall comply with 4.16.

4.22.5 Urinals.  If urinals are provided, then at least one shall
comply with 4.18.

4.22.6 Lavatories and Mirrors.  If lavatories and mirrors are
provided, then at least one of each shall comply with 4.19.

4.22.7 Controls and Dispensers.  If controls, dispensers,
receptacles, or other equipment are provided, then at least one
of each shall be on an accessible route and shall comply with
4.27.

4.23 Bathrooms, Bathing Facilities, and Shower Rooms.

4.23.1 Minimum Number.  Bathrooms, bathing facilities, or shower
rooms required to be accessible by 4.1 shall comply with 4.23 and
shall be on an accessible route.

4.23.2 Doors.  Doors to accessible bathrooms shall comply with
4.13. Doors shall not swing into the floor space required for any
fixture.

4.23.3* Clear Floor Space.  The accessible fixtures and controls
required in 4.23.4, 4.23.5, 4.23.6, 4.23.7, 4.23.8, and 4.23.9
shall be on an accessible route.  An unobstructed turning space
complying with 4.2.3 shall be provided within an accessible
bathroom.  The clear floor spaces at fixtures and controls, the
accessible route, and the turning space may overlap.

4.23.4 Water Closets.  If toilet stalls are provided, then at
least one shall be a standard toilet stall complying with 4.17;
where 6 or more stalls are provided, in addition to the stall
complying with 4.17.3, at least one stall 36 in (915 mm) wide
with an outward swinging, self-closing door and parallel grab
bars complying with Fig. 30(d) and 4.26 shall be provided.  Water
closets in such stalls shall comply with 4.16.  If water closets
are not in stalls, then at least one shall comply with 4.16.

4.23.5 Urinals.  If urinals are provided, then at least one shall
comply with 4.18.

4.23.6 Lavatories and Mirrors.  If lavatories and mirrors are
provided, then at least one of each shall comply with 4.19.

4.23.7 Controls and Dispensers.  If controls, dispensers,
receptacles, or other equipment are provided, then at least one
of each shall be on an accessible route and shall comply with
4.27.

4.23.8 Bathing and Shower Facilities.  If tubs or showers are
provided, then at least one accessible tub that complies with
4.20 or at least one accessible shower that complies with 4.21
shall be provided.

4.23.9* Medicine Cabinets.  If medicine cabinets are provided, at
least one shall be located with a usable shelf no higher than 44
in (1120 mm) above the floor space.  The floor space shall comply
with 4.2.4.

4.24 Sinks.

4.24.1 General.  Sinks required to be accessible by 4.1 shall
comply with 4.24.

4.24.2 Height.  Sinks shall be mounted with the counter or rim no
higher than 34 in (865 mm) above the finish floor.

4.24.3 Knee Clearance.  Knee clearance that is at least 27 in
(685 mm) high, 30 in (760 mm) wide, and 19 in (485 mm) deep shall
be provided underneath sinks.

4.24.4 Depth.  Each sink shall be a maximum of 6-1/2 in (165 mm)
deep.

4.24.5 Clear Floor Space.  A clear floor space at least 30 in by
48 in (760 mm by 1220 mm) complying with 4.2.4 shall be provided
in front of a sink to allow forward approach.  The clear floor
space shall be on an accessible route and shall extend a maximum
of 19 in (485 mm) underneath the sink (see Fig. 32).

4.24.6 Exposed Pipes and Surfaces.  Hot water and drain pipes
exposed under sinks shall be insulated or otherwise configured so
as to protect against contact.  There shall be no sharp or
abrasive surfaces under sinks.

4.24.7 Faucets.  Faucets shall comply with 4.27.4.
Lever-operated, push-type, touch-type, or electronically
controlled mechanisms are acceptable designs.

4.25 Storage.

4.25.1 General.  Fixed storage facilities such as cabinets,
shelves, closets, and drawers required to be accessible by 4.1
shall comply with 4.25.

4.25.2 Clear Floor Space.  A clear floor space at least 30 in by
48 in (760 mm by 1220 mm) complying with 4.2.4 that allows either
a forward or parallel approach by a person using a wheelchair
shall be provided at accessible storage facilities.

4.25.3 Height.  Accessible storage spaces shall be within at
least one of the reach ranges specified in 4.2.5 and 4.2.6 (see
Fig. 5 and Fig 6).  Clothes rods or shelves shall be a maximum of
54 in (1370 mm) above the finish floor for a side approach.
Where the distance from the wheelchair to the clothes rod or
shelf exceeds 10 in (255 mm) (as in closets without accessible
doors) the height and depth to the rod or shelf shall comply with
Fig. 38(a) and Fig. 38(b).

4.25.4 Hardware.  Hardware for accessible storage facilities
shall comply with 4.27.4.  Touch latches and U-shaped pulls are
acceptable.

4.26 Handrails, Grab Bars, and Tub and Shower Seats.

4.26.1* General.  All handrails, grab bars, and tub and shower
seats required to be accessible by 4.1, 4.8, 4.9, 4.16, 4.17,
4.20 or 4.21 shall comply with 4.26.

4.26.2* Size and Spacing of Grab Bars and Handrails.  The
diameter or width of the gripping surfaces of a handrail or grab
bar shall be 1-1/4 in to 1-1/2 in (32 mm to 38 mm), or the shape
shall provide an equivalent gripping surface.  If handrails or
grab bars are mounted adjacent to a wall, the space between the
wall and the grab bar shall be 1-1/2 in (38 mm) (see Fig. 39(a),
(b), (c), and (e)).  Handrails may be located in a recess if the
recess is a maximum of 3 in (75 mm) deep and extends at least 18
in (455 mm) above the top of the rail (see Fig. 39(d)).

4.26.3 Structural Strength.  The structural strength of grab
bars, tub and shower seats, fasteners, and mounting devices shall
meet the following specification: